Mesopotamia

Once known as the land between two rivers because of Tigris and Euphrates this has some of the most rich culture of their time even having the first true system of written laws in human history.

It's nae is from the Greek, meaning between two rivers it was an ancient region located in the eastern Mediterranean bounded in the northeast by the Zagros Mountains and in the southeast by the Arabian Plateau, corresponding to today's Iraq, mostly, but also parts of modern-day Iran, Syria and Turkey.

The Sumerians, Akkadians, Assyrians, and Babylonians dominated Mesopotamia from the beginning of written history 3100 BC to the fall of Babylon in 539 BC, when it was conquered by the Achaemenid Empire.

We believe Sumerian civilization first took form in southern Mesopotamia around 4000 BCE—or 6000 years ago which would make it the first urban civilization in the region. Mesopotamians are noted for developing one of the first written scripts around 3000 BCE: wedge-shaped marks pressed into clay tablets. Thriving cities, among them Uruk, developed in Mesopotamia before 3100 BC. Sumerian civilization developed as a series of city-states after 3000 BC. Constant economic and political rivalries developed, culminating in the empire of King Ur-Nammu of Ur, who controlled Sumer and upstream Akkad in 2112 BC.

The Sumerians were very inventive people. It is believed that they invented the sailboat, the chariot, the wheel, the plow, and metalurgy. They developed cuneiform, the first written language. They invented games like checkers.